Descriptive Text

 

Learning Descriptive Text

Anthony Sinisuka Ginting
Definition of Descriptive Text?
A descriptive text is a text which describes an object in detailed. 
Jadi, descriptive text (teks deskripsi) merupakan sebuah teks yang mendeskripsikan suatu objek secara detail/rinci. 
Social Function of Descriptive Text
The social function or purpose of writing descriptive text is to describe an object in detailed. 
Jadi, fungsi sosial atau tujuan penulisan teks deskripsi adalah untuk mendeskripsikan suatu objek secara detail. 

Text Structure of Descriptive Text
The structure of descriptive text consists of Identification and Description or sometimes in the end of paragraph, writer may add conclusion paragraph, but it is optional. The Identification section introduces the person, place, or thing to be described, providing general information. The Description section follows with detailed characteristics, including physical attributes, features, and qualities, to help the reader form a clear mental image. 
Here's a breakdown of the structure:
Identification
Purpose: To introduce and identify the specific subject (person, place, animal, object, or event) that the text will describe.
Content: General information about the subject, such as its name or a basic overview.
Placement: Typically found at the beginning of the text.
Description
Purpose: To provide detailed information about the subject's characteristics, features, and attributes.
Content: Specifics about the subject's appearance, color, size, shape, personality, habits, or other defining qualities.
Placement: This section forms the core of the text, elaborating on the subject introduced in the identification. 
Reading Comprehension
Activity 1.
Match the English words with the translation in Bahasa Indonesia

Activity 2. 

Read the text.

Anthony Sinisuka Ginting

Anthony Sinisuka Ginting is one of Indonesia’s most talented badminton players. He was born in Cimahi, West Java, in 1996. Since he was young, Anthony showed great interest in badminton. He has played in many international tournaments and won several medals. His dedication and fighting spirit inspire many young people to follow their dreams.

 

 

Physically, Anthony is tall enough. His height is 1.71 m and his weight is 66 kg. He is strong and fast. His black hair is short, and his eyes are brown. He has an athletic body because of regular training. On the court, he is quick and energetic. His footwork and smashes are powerful, which makes him a tough opponent.

 

 

Anthony is known for his discipline and humility. He respects his coaches and always stays focused. Even when he loses, he learns from his mistakes. He teaches us that success is not only about talent, but also about hard work, respect, and never giving up. Students can learn a lot from his attitude.

Activity 3. 

After reading text in activity 2, then answer these questions. 

1. What is the purpose of the text?

2. Identify the general statement in the first paragraph. What does it tell you about Anthony?

3. Based on the text, list two things that show Anthony's physical appearance.

4. What kind of personality does Anthony have? Mention at least two traits.

5. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

6. In your own words, what does Anthony teach young people about success?

7. How does the writer describe Anthony’s performance on the court?

8. What kind of moral values can students learn from Anthony’s story?

9. Why do you think Anthony is a good role model for students?

10. Which part of the text is the description section? Explain how you know.

Language Features of Descriptive Text

A. Specific Participant

Specific participant is the main person who is being described in the text.

Anthony Sinisuka Ginting is the main participant in the text. 

B. Pronoun

Learn these examples! Take a look at the bold words.

C. Linking Verb of Simple Present Tense (Nominal Sentence)

A linking verb connects a subject sentence with complement. 

A linking sometimes is called as "to be" and "relational verbs".    

D. Auxiliary verb "has/have" => punya/memiliki

E. Verbal Sentence of Simple Present Tense 

A verbal sentence in the simple present tense uses a verb to describe a habitual action, general truth, or current state. The verb is usually in its base form (infinitive), but for third-person singular (he, she, it), it takes an "-s" or "-es" ending. 

F. Noun (kata benda)

a word used to name any of a class of people, places, or things (common noun), or to name a particular one of these (proper noun).

• London
• Jakarta      
• Sukoharjo
• Elsa                              
• John
• Adam
• Instagram
• Facebook
• Samsung
• Iphone
• Motorolla
• Toyota      
• Yamaha
• Honda
• Love 
• Hope        
• Happiness
• Rose 
• Jasmine 
• Orchid 

G. Adjective (Kata Sifat)

is a word that describes or defines a noun or noun phrase.

Example:

• Good                      
• Great            
• Perfect         
• Bad
• Big
• Small
• Happy
• Narrow
• Skinny
• Beautiful
• Curly
• Happy
• Sad
• Easy
• Difficult
• Slow
• Fast 
• Excited
• Nervous
• Annoyed
• Upset
• Surprised
• Bored
• Young
• Old
• New

H. Adjective Order

I. Noun Phrase

A noun phrase is a group of words that includes a noun and at least one modifier. Noun phrases function like nouns.

Example: 

• The big black dog
• A beautiful new dress
• A dusty old book
• A delicious Italian pizza

J. Adverb

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb

Example: 

• She sang loudly (loudly modifies the verb sang, indicating the manner of singing)
• We left it here (here modifies the verb phrase left it, indicating place)
• I worked yesterday (yesterday modifies the verb worked, indicating time)
• You often make mistakes (often modifies the verb phrase make mistakes, indicating frequency)
• He undoubtedly did it (undoubtedly modifies the verb phrase did it, indicating certainty)

1) Adverb of Place Adverbs of place mainly modify verbs and tell us where something happens. Example of adverb of place: above abroad anywhere back backwards behind below down downstairs east elsewhere far here indoors inside near nearby north off out outside over south there towards under up upstairs west where 2) Adverb of Time Adverbs of time mainly modify verbs and tell us when something happens. Example of Adverb of Time: points of time now then today tomorrow tonight yesterday frequency annually daily fortnightly hourly monthly nightly quarterly weekly yearly always constantly ever frequently generally infrequently never normally occasionally often rarely regularly seldom sometimes regularly usually 3) Adverb of Manner An adverb of manner describes how you do an action. For example, -They dress elegantly. -Some elderly people drive slowly. -She works very hard. How to create an adverb of manner To make adverbs of manner, we usually add -ly to the adjective. For example, quick – quickly careful – carefully gentle – gently When an adjective ends in -y we change the -y to -i then add -ly. For example, happy – happily greedy – greedily easy – easily However, there are also some irregular adverbs: good – well hard – hard fast – fast late – late straight – straight high – high Here are some examples: -You speak English fluently. -I slept badly last night. -The children did really well in their test. -He worked hard and got a promotion. -The nurse picked up the baby gently. -Try to do it carefully so we don’t have to redo it. -A car suddenly came round the corner and nearly hit us! -Julie tearfully said goodbye to her boyfriend. -Go straight down this road then turn left. -I hate getting up late. -My brother drives very fast and aggressively. -Kids, try to do your homework quietly, please. -She dresses very elegantly, doesn’t she? -Shall I close the lid tightly? -It rained heavily all through the night. Where does an adverb of manner go in a sentence? In most cases, adverbs of manner come after a verb. For example, -We dress casually on Fridays. -Athletes run very fast. -The students are listening attentively.

Sometimes however, the adverb is put before the verb to add emphasis to the meaning. For example, -She hurriedly opened the present. -They sadly left before we arrived. -I quickly ran to the shops.

If there are two verbs in the sentence, the position of the adverb can change the meaning. For example, -They accepted the offer immediately and moved out.

-They accepted the offer and moved out immediately.